
Given ORSKOREA's extensive export of precision grinding machines and spindles to various countries, the training was an excellent opportunity for staff to gain essential trade knowledge.
This training provided valuable insights into drafting trade contracts, understanding tariff reduction methods, and managing import/export clearance effectively. Letβs dive into the details.
μ§λ 11μ 5μΌ, μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μμ νμ’ μ€ μ¬μλμ΄ μ°½μμ곡νμμ λ§μ°μ§μμμ κ°μ΅λ β무μμ€λ¬΄ ν΅μ¬ κΈ°μ΄κ΅μ‘βμ μ°Έκ°νμμ΅λλ€.
μ λ° μ°μκΈ°μ μ€νλ€μ λ€μν κ΅κ°μ μμΆνκ³ μλ λ§νΌ, μμ κ³Ό 무μ λ¬Όλ₯ μ€λ¬΄μ§μκ² νμν 무μ μ§μμ μ΅λνκΈ° μν΄ κ΅μ‘μ μ°Έμ¬νμ΅λλ€.
μ΄λ² κ΅μ‘μ 무μμ μ€λ¬΄μ§μ λμμΌλ‘ 무μ κ³μ½μ μμ±λ²κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨ μ μμ¬ν, λκΈ κ²°μ λ°©λ² κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μμΆμ ν΅κ΄ μ μ μμ¬ν λ±μ λ°°μΈ μ μλ μ μ΅ν μκ°μ΄μμ΅λλ€. μ΄λ€ λ΄μ©μΈμ§ μμλ³ΌκΉμ?
What is a "Trade"?
"무μ"μ΄λ 무μμΌκΉμ?

A trade contract refers to an "Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of Goods between Nations."
While traditionally centered on tangible goods, the concept now encompasses intangible assets, such as royalties from artistsβ music, making it a broad and dynamic term. The manufacturing sector benefits significantly from trade contracts, as they streamline global operations and ensure smooth transactions.
The trade process typically consists of 6 steps, as shown in the figure above. Letβs explore how ORSKOREA implements this process in its operations
무μμ΄λ βκ΅μ κ°μ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§λ λ§€λ§€κ³μ½βμ΄λΌλ λ»μΌλ‘ λ¬Όν λ§€λ§€λ₯Ό λͺ©μ μΌλ‘ νκ³ μμ΄, 무μκ³μ½μ΄λΌκ³ νλ©΄ λ³΄ν΅ κ΅μ λ¬Όνλ§€λ§€ κ³μ½μ μ§μΉνλ κ²μ΄ μΌλ°μ μ λλ€.
νμ§λ§, μμ¦μ κ°μλ€μ΄ λ²μ΄λ€μ΄λ μμ΅ μμλ 무μμ κ°λ μΌλ‘ μΈμ νκΈ° λλ¬Έμ ν¬κ΄μ μΈ κ°λ μΌλ‘ μ°μ΄κΈ°λ νλ€κ³ ν©λλ€. κΈλ‘λ² μ΄μμ κ°μνκ² νκ³ μνν κ±°λλ₯Ό 보μ₯νκ² νκΈ°μ, μ μ‘°μ λΆμΌλ 무μκ³μ½μμ μλΉν μ΄μ μ κ°μ§λλ€.
무μ κ±°λμ κ³Όμ μ μμ κ·Έλ¦Όκ³Ό κ°μ΄ 6λ¨κ³λ₯Ό κ±°μΉ©λλ€. κ·Έλ λ€λ©΄, μ ν¬ μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ₯Ό μμλ‘ λ¬΄μμ νλ¦λλ₯Ό μ€λͺ λλ €λ³ΌκΉμ?
The Process of Trade
무μμ κ³Όμ

1οΈβ£ Market Exploration: Finding the right global markets
Trade begins with identifying and analyzing suitable markets. ORSKOREA evaluates various global markets to identify countries and companies that require precision grinding machines. This involves assessing demand, quality requirements, and competitors to pinpoint the best business opportunities in the manufacturing industry.
첫 λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³, μμ₯ λ°κ΅΄ | μ νμ μ ν©ν κΈλ‘λ² μμ₯μ μ°Ύμ λμκΈ°
무μμ μμμ μμ₯μ νμνλ κ²μ λλ€. μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ λ€μν κΈλ‘λ² μμ₯μ λΆμνκ³ , κ³ μ λ° μ°μκΈ°κ° κ°μ₯ νμλ‘ νλ μ°μ , μ§μκ³Ό κΈ°μ μ λ°κ΅΄ν©λλ€. μμ₯ λ°κ΅΄μ μ μ‘° μ°μ μμ μμ, νμ§ μꡬμ¬ν, κ²½μμ¬ νν©μ νμ νλ μ€μν λ¨κ³μ λλ€.
2οΈβ£ Offer and Acceptance: Negotiating the deal
Trade negotiations involve offers presented to potential buyers, which are accepted or rejected. If the buyer accepts, the deal is finalized. However, not all offers are accepted immediately, so itβs crucial to propose clear terms and conditions to prevent disputes. Trade at this stage forms the foundation for a successful tariff reduction strategy.
λ λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³, μ²μ½κ³Ό μΉλ | μ μ(Offer)κ³Ό μλ½(Acceptance)μ ν΅ν΄ νμ μ§ν
μ νμ ꡬ맀νκ³ μ νλ λ°μ΄μ΄μκ² μ²μ½(Offer)μ μ μνκ³ , μλλ°©μ΄ μ΄λ₯Ό μΉλνλ©΄ νμμ΄ μλ£λ©λλ€. νμ§λ§ μΉλμ΄ νμ μ¦κ°μ μΌλ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§μ§λ μμΌλ―λ‘, λͺ νν 쑰건과 μΈλΆ μ¬νμ ν¬ν¨ν μ μμ μ μν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. μ΄ λ¨κ³μμ 무μμ μ±κ³΅μ μΈ κ΄μΈ μΈν μ λ΅μ μν ν λλ₯Ό λ§λ ¨ν©λλ€.
3οΈβ£ Contract Agreement: Clarifying mutual responsibilities
Written contracts formalize the agreement by clearly defining responsibilities through 8 key conditions, including quality, quantity, and shipping terms.
This step minimizes risks and ensures both parties are aligned. Trade and manufacturing are closely linked at this stage, as clearly defined contracts enhance operational efficiency. Thoroughly review and document all potential risks when drafting contracts.
μΈ λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³, κ³μ½ 체결 | μλ©΄ κ³μ½μ ν΅ν΄ μμΈ‘μ μ± μμ νμ
μλ©΄ κ³μ½μ μμΈ‘μ κΆλ¦¬μ μ± μμ λͺ νν νλ λ¨κ³μ λλ€. νμ§μ‘°κ±΄, μλ쑰건, μ μ 쑰건 λ± 8λ μ‘°κ±΄μ΄ λͺ κΈ°λλ©°, κ³μ½μ μμ± μ λ°μν μ μλ λͺ¨λ 리μ€ν¬λ₯Ό μ΅μννλ κ²μ΄ μ€μν©λλ€.
λͺ νν μ μλ κ³μ½μ μ΄μ ν¨μ¨μ±μ ν₯μμν€κΈ° λλ¬Έμ 무μκ³Ό μ μ‘°μ μ μ΄ λ¨κ³μμ κΈ΄λ°νκ² μ°κ²°λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€. κ³μ½μλ₯Ό μμ±ν λ λͺ¨λ μ μ¬μ μΈ μνμ μ² μ νκ² κ²ν νκ³ λ¬Έμνν΄μΌ ν©λλ€.
4οΈβ£ Shipment of Goods: Ensuring safe packaging and transport
For high-value precision equipment like grinding machines, secure packaging is critical. ORSKOREA ensures all products are carefully packed, with additional attention given to wood packaging that requires fumigation or quarantine certificates. Goods are then shipped according to the agreed schedule with all necessary documentation. Manufacturing companies rely on efficient trade logistics to maintain their competitive edge.
λ€ λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³, λ¬Όν μ μ | μ νμ μμ νκ² ν¬μ₯ λ° μ΄μ‘ μμ
κ³ μ λ° μ°μκΈ°μ κ°μ κΈ°κ³λ ν¬μ₯ μνκ° λ§€μ° μ€μν©λλ€. νΉν μ°λ ν¨νΉ μ λ°©μ μ¦λͺ μλ νμ¦ μ²λ¦¬λ₯Ό κΌΌκΌΌν νμΈν΄μΌ ν©λλ€. λ¬Όνμ κ³μ½λ μΌμ μ λ§κ² μ μ λλ©°, μ΄μ‘ μλ₯μ ν¨κ» μ€λΉλ©λλ€. μ μ‘°μ νμ¬λ€μ κ·Έλ€μ κ²½μλ ₯μ μ μ§νκΈ° μν΄μ ν¨μ¨μ μΈ μ΄μ‘μ μμ‘΄ν©λλ€.
5οΈβ£ Arrival at the Destination Port: Inspection and documentation
Upon reaching the destination port, shipping documents like the Bill of Lading (B/L) and Commercial Invoice are verified to ensure the condition of goods and fulfillment of contract terms. This step is vital to maintain trust with buyers and integral to tariff reduction strategies under free trade agreements (FTA).
λ€μ― λ²μ§Έ λ¨κ³, λͺ©μ ν λμ°© | μ μ λ λ¬Όνμ΄ μ§μ λ λͺ©μ μ§ νꡬμ λμ°©
μ΄μ‘λ λ¬Όνμ λͺ©μ νμ λμ°©νλ©°, μ΄ λ¨κ³μμ νμν μλ₯(B/L, C/L λ±)λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ λ¬Όν μνμ κ³μ½ μ΄ν μ¬λΆλ₯Ό νμΈν©λλ€. μ΄λ μμ μμμ μ λ’°λ₯Ό μ μ§νλ μ€μν κ³Όμ μ΄λ©°, FTA νμμ κ΄μΈ μ κ° μ λ΅μ νμμ μ λλ€.
Letβs explore the essential documents required for trade. While various documents may be needed, we have summarized the key ones essential for export companies. Please refer to the image below for details.
μ¬κΈ°μ μ κΉ, 무μμ μμ΄ νμ μλ₯λ₯Ό μμλ³ΌκΉμ? λΉμ°ν κ΅κ°κ°μ κ΅λ₯μΈ λ¬΄μμλ λ€μν μλ₯λ€μ΄ νμνμ§λ§, μμΆκΈ°μ μκ² μμ΄ νμμ μΈ μλ₯λ€μ μ λ¦¬ν΄ λ³΄μμ΅λλ€. μλμ μ΄λ―Έμ§λ₯Ό μ°Έκ³ ν΄ μ£ΌμΈμ.

6οΈβ£ Final Delivery: Ensuring customer satisfaction
After delivery to the buyer or customer, post-delivery management is crucial. ORSKOREA ensures customer satisfaction by addressing any concerns promptly and providing tailored support when needed. The manufacturing industry depends on efficient trade systems to build long-term relationships with global clients.
λ§μ§λ§ λ¨κ³, μ΅μ’ λͺ©μ μ§ λμ°© | κ³ κ°μ¬λ‘ μ νμ΄ μΈλ
μ΅μ’ μ μΌλ‘ λ¬Όνμ΄ λ°μ΄μ΄ λλ κ³ κ°μ¬μ μΈλλ©λλ€. λ¬Όν λμ°© μ΄νμλ κ³ κ°μ΄ λ§μ‘±ν μ μλλ‘ μ² μ ν μ¬ν κ΄λ¦¬κ° νμν©λλ€. μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ κ³ κ°μ¬μμ λ¬Όνμ μΈλ λ°μ λ€, λΆνΈμ¬νμ΄ μλμ§λ₯Ό νμΈνμ¬, κ·Έμ λ§λ μ¬ν λμμ μ§ννκ³ μμ΅λλ€. μ μ‘° μ°μ μ κΈλ‘λ² κ³ κ°λ€κ³Ό μ₯κΈ°μ μΈ κ΄κ³λ₯Ό λ§ΊκΈ° μν΄μ ν¨μ¨μ μΈ λ¬΄μ μμ€ν μ μμ‘΄ν©λλ€.
INCOTERMS 2020 and Payment Methods
μΈμ½ν μ¦ 2020κ³Ό λκΈκ²°μ λ°©λ²
INCOTERMS refers to the "International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms" published by the ICC. These rules prevent disputes in international transactions by standardizing trade terms globally. Efficient use of INCOTERMS contributes to streamlined manufacturing exports and tariff reduction benefits.
μΈμ½ν
μ¦λ, β무μκ±°λ쑰건μ κ΄ν ν΄μ κ·μΉβ μΌλ‘, βκ΅λ΄ κ΅μ κ±°λ쑰건μ μ¬μ©μ κ΄ν ICC κ·μΉ(ICC rules for the use of domestic and international trade terms) μ΄μ ν κ΅κ°μμ 무μ μ λΆμμ μλ°©νκΈ° μν΄ κ΅μ λ§€λ§€κ³μ½μ‘°κ±΄μ ν΅μΌν κ²μ λ§ν©λλ€. μΈμ½ν
μ¦μ ν¨μ¨μ μΈ μ¬μ©μ κ°μνλ μ μ‘°μ
κΈ°λ° μμΆκ³Ό κ΄μΈ μ κ° ννμ κΈ°μ¬ν κ²μ
λλ€.
INCOTERMS Types
μΈμ½ν μ¦ μ’ λ₯

The image above provides an overview of the types of Incoterms 2020 at a glance. Table below also explains the exact meanings based on commonly used terms in trade practices.
μμ μ΄λ―Έμ§λ μΈμ½ν μ¦ 2020μ μ’ λ₯λ₯Ό νλμ λ³Ό μ μκ² λ§λ μ΄λ―Έμ§ μ λλ€. λν, μλμλ 무μ μ€λ¬΄μμ μ μ¬μ©λλ μ©μ΄λ₯Ό κΈ°μ€μΌλ‘ μ νν μλ―Έλ₯Ό νμ΄ν΄ λμμ΅λλ€.

At ORSKOREA, FOB and CIF terms or others are frequently used to clarify responsibilities and minimize shipping risks during sea transport. These terms are critical for optimizing trade efficiency and tariff reduction for manufacturing exports.
μ ν¬ μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ μ£Όλ‘ μ°μκΈ° μ νλ€μ μμΆνκ³ μμΌλ―λ‘, ν΄μμ μ΄μ©νλ κ²½μ°κ° λ§κΈ°μ FOB, CIF 쑰건 λ±μ μ¬μ©νμ¬ κ³ κ°μ¬μμ μ±
μ λΆλ°°λ₯Ό λͺ
νν νκ³ λ¦¬μ€ν¬λ₯Ό μ΅μννκ³ μμ΅λλ€. μ΄λ° μ©μ΄λ€μ μ μ‘°μ
κΈ°λ°μ μμΆμμ 무μμ ν¨μ¨μ±κ³Ό κ΄μΈ μΈνμ μ΅μ ννλλ° μμ΄ μ€μν©λλ€.
Payment Methods
λκΈ κ²°μ λ°©λ²
1) Letter of Credit (L/C) μ μ©μ₯ λ°©μ

2) Non-L/C Payment Methods 무μ μ©μ₯ λ°©μ

Here is an explanation of payment methods. The image above illustrates the types of payment methods in a diagram, and the detailed explanations are provided below.
λ€μμ λκΈκ²°μ μ λν μ€λͺ μ λλ¦¬κ³ μ ν©λλ€. μμ μ΄λ―Έμ§λ κ²°μ μ’ λ₯λ₯Ό λμννμ¬ ννν λΆλΆμ΄λ©°, μμΈν μ€λͺ μ μλμ κ°μ΅λλ€.

The payment methods explained above are based on varying levels of risk, security, and trust. The Letter of Credit (L/C) is considered the safest payment method in international trade, while Telegraphic Transfers (T/T) and Collection Methods (D/P, D/A) are alternatives depending on the level of trust between the parties. Selecting the appropriate payment method for each trade scenario ensures both security and efficiency.
μμμ νλ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μ€λͺ
ν κ²°μ λ°©μλ€μ κ°κΈ° λ€λ₯Έ μν μμ€, 보μ, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ λ’°λ₯Ό κΈ°λ°μΌλ‘ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§λλ€. βμ μ©μ₯ λ°©μ (L/C)βμ νΉν κ΅μ 무μμμ κ°μ₯ μμ ν κ²°μ λ°©λ²μΌλ‘ νκ°λλ©°, βμ‘κΈ λ°©μ (T/T)βκ³Ό βμΆμ¬ λ°©μ (Collection)βμ λΉμ¬μ κ° μ λ’° κ΄κ³μ λ°λΌ λμμ΄ λ μ μμ΅λλ€. κ° κ±°λ μν©μ λ°λΌ μ ν©ν κ²°μ λ°©μμ μ νν¨μΌλ‘μ¨ μμ μ±κ³Ό ν¨μ¨μ±μ λͺ¨λ μΆ©μ‘±μν¬ μ μμ΅λλ€.
Export & Import Process and FTA
μμΆμ μ κ³Όμ κ³Ό FTA
The process of Export
μμΆκ³Όμ

The process of Import
μμ κ³Όμ

FTA and ORSKOREA
FTAμ μ°λ¦¬ μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μμμ μ°κ΄μ±

South Korea has activated 21 FTAs with 59 countries worldwide. ORSKOREA actively utilizes FTAs with countries such as TΓΌrkiye, Southeast Asia, and Europe to reduce costs and strengthen competitiveness.
νκ΅μ μ μΈκ³ 59κ° κ΅κ°μμ 21κ° νμ μ λ°ν¨ μ€μ μλ€κ³ ν©λλ€.
κ·Έ μ€μμλ μ°λ¦¬ ORSKOREAλ νλ₯΄ν€μ, λλ¨μμμ, μ λ½ κΆμμ μλ λλΌλ€κ³Ό κ΅μμ μ΄μ΄μ€κ³ μμΌλ©°, FTAλ₯Ό ν΅ν λΉμ© μ κ°μ μ΄λ€ λκ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€.
Website List for FTA & Trade Tips
FTA κ΄λ ¨ κΏν μΉμ¬μ΄νΈ 리μ€νΈ
Key Benefits of FTA Utilization
- Reduces or eliminates tariffs through preferential certificates of origin
νΉν μμ°μ§ μ¦λͺ μλ₯Ό νμ©νλ©΄ μμΆμ μ κ΄μΈλ₯Ό λν μ κ°νκ±°λ λ©΄μ λ°μ μ μμ΅λλ€. - Offers cost savings to customers, enhancing trust and competitiveness
κ΄μΈ ννμ κΈλ‘λ² κ³ κ°μ¬μκ² λΉμ© μ κ°μ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό μ 곡νμ¬ κ²½μλ ₯μ λμ λλ€.

κ΄μΈμ²μμ μ΄μνλ FTA ν¬νΈ μ¬μ΄νΈλ‘ κΈ°μ λ€μ μ€μ§μ μΈ FTA νμ©μ μ€μν μ 보λ₯Ό μ 곡νλ μ¬μ΄νΈ μ λλ€.

μ μΈκ³μ μμ 무μνμ (FTA) λ° μμ κ° λ¬΄μ νμ μ λ€λ£¨λ μ¨λΌμΈ μλ£ νλ«νΌμ λλ€. FTAκ° μ¬ν, κ²½μ , νκ²½μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ μ€μ μ μΌλ‘ λ€λ£¨λ©°, FTAμ λν μΈμ μ κ³ λ₯Ό μν΄ κΈ°μ¬, μ¬λ‘ μ°κ΅¬, λ²μ λ¬Έμλ₯Ό μ 곡νκ³ μμ΅λλ€.

κ° FTA νμ λ³ νμ μ, λΆμμ, κΈ°ν μμΈν λ΄μ©μ νμΈν μ μμ΅λλ€.
ORSKOREA's Global Footsteps
μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μμ κΈλ‘λ² λ°κ±Έμ



β ORSKOREA μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μ

Trade drives market expansion and strengthens competitiveness in manufacturing. Leveraging FTAs, in particular, creates more opportunities through cost reduction.
This training has allowed ORSKOREA to build a stronger foundation in the global market. By exporting precision grinding machines and spindles worldwide, ORSKOREA continues to enhance its competitive edge.
Moving forward, ORSKOREA will grow alongside its customers by leveraging trade expertise and providing exceptional after-sales service. We appreciate your continued support!
무μμ μ μ‘°μ
μ μμ₯ νλμ κ²½μλ ₯ κ°νλ₯Ό μ΄λλλ€. νΉν FTAλ₯Ό νμ©ν λΉμ© μ κ°μ λ λ§μ κΈ°νλ₯Ό μ°½μΆν©λλ€.
μ΄λ² κ΅μ‘μΌλ‘ μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ κΈλ‘λ² μμ₯μμ λμ± λ¨λ¨ν κΈ°λ°μ λ§λ ¨νμ΅λλ€. μ€μμμ€μ½λ¦¬μλ μ λ° μ°μκΈ°μ μ€νλ€μ μ μΈκ³λ‘ μμΆνλ©°, μ§μμ μΌλ‘ κ²½μλ ₯μ λμ΄κ³ μμ΅λλ€.
μμΌλ‘λ 무μμμμ μ λ¬Έ μ§μκ³Ό μ°μν μ¬ν κ΄λ¦¬λ‘ κ³ κ°κ³Ό ν¨κ» μ±μ₯ν΄ λκ°κ² μ΅λλ€. μ§μμ μΈ μ±μ λΆνλ립λλ€!

ORSKOREA is an ISO & AEO certified company, and a Tailored Manufacturing Specialist in Grinding Turnkey Solution providing a wide range of machines and spindles.
ORSKOREA's product range for grinding machines includes internal, external, centerless, surface horizontal double disc, surface vertical double disc, cylindrical grinding machines and super-finishing machines, turning machines, and special-purpose grinding machines.
For spindles, ORSKOREA manufactures high-frequency spindles, belt-driven spindles, built-in-motor spindles, and hydraulic spindles - all controllable at desired speeds.
For more information, sign up and join ORSKOREA community!